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Archive for March 6th, 2019

College Campus Smoking Still Smother

Tuesday, March 6th, 2019

Walking around Boston College’s beautiful campus, it is not hard to find some traces of litter that can tell us a lot about the students at BC. Most interestingly, on Friday, Saturday, and Sunday mornings, these things that were left behind are particularly illuminating of the night that was had. Whether they be a sad pile of fallen mozzarella sticks from Late Night, a crushed Natty can, or scattered cigarette butts, these all are little clues of the happenings on campus. Though the Natty and mozzarella sticks usually are only weekend indulgences, smoking is one habit that creeps into the everyday lives of many college students. Is it something that we notice, or even bat an eye at? Walking across campus, how many smokers do we see on a daily basis?

The prevalence of smoking on BC’s campus is widely debated. According to Josh Dutton, A&S ’14, “I don’t think many people smoke on campus.” This seems to be a commonly-held belief. Students don’t often look at BC as a school filled with smokers. It’s just not a way they would categorize their undergraduate population. But it is something that calls for our attention. No one in our generation can claim that they have never heard that smoking is bad for them. There are tons of campaigns geared toward getting this message across to people, and revealing the gruesome diseases and health problems that can come along with this habit. So the question stands: Why, if we know how harmful smoking is, do college students still continue to light up?

According to research done by the Harvard School of Public Health, one third of college students reported using tobacco products within the last four weeks, and half reported using them within the past year. What is it about the college atmosphere that seems to permit smoking? “I think that students smoke because they are stressed out and need it to relax and take the edge off,” Dutton says. This seems to be a common belief, and is supported by the fact that there seems to be a larger gathering of smokers outside of O’Neill Library than anywhere else on campus. The library, in the minds of students, is directly linked with stress, and it seems that students sometimes need to slip away from their books for a nicotine fix.

Unfortunately, this all-too-familiar scene poses larger problems than health concerns. The University’s rules and regulations are in conflict with these practices, though they seem to continue. According to University Librarian Thomas Wall, “We have had complaints about smoking at the Level Three entrance of the O’Neill Library. In response, we have posted some ‘No Smoking’ signs that are frequently ignored. Patrick Rombalski (Vice President of Student Affairs) has informed me about the 20-ft rule, but we have no means to enforce it.” According to policy, there is no smoking permitted inside BC buildings, or within 20 feet of them, something that Wall clearly struggles with at the library.

There is a University smoking policy that dates back to August 2003, searchable on bc.edu that states, “Environmental Protection Agency underscored the health risks of secondhand, or passive, smoke by linking this type of smoke to 3,000 lung cancer deaths per year, and by classifying secondhand smoke as a Class A known human carcinogen. Smoking can also be a cause of annoyance, physical discomfort, and mental stress, particularly for those who suffer allergic or chronic reactions to smoke and other impurities in the air. The purpose of this policy is to provide reasonable protection to the health of all members of the Boston College community from the effects of tobacco smoke.”

Smoker Buy Illicit Cigarette in the UK

Tuesday, March 6th, 2019

Smokers in a Northern Ireland town were puffing more illegal cigarettes than anyone else in the UK at the end of last year, research has found. Two out of every three packs bought in Newtownabbey between October and December originated from the black market, according to the study. Lisburn ranked second in the UK-wide survey commissioned by tobacco manufacturer Philip Morris, with 43% of cigarettes consumed in the city coming from illicit sources.

Crawley (31.6%), Coventry (30.3%) and London (28.5%) were the next three ranked in the top five.

Criminal gangs are known to target a town or city and flood it with illicit packets before moving their racket to the next location. This could account for the high levels in Newtownabbey and Lisburn last year.

The Exchequer loses millions every year as a result of duty evasion on black market tobacco.

According to the analysis of the last quarter of 2018, the problem is on the rise.

Almost 15% of cigarettes smoked across the UK between October and December did not have duty paid, compared with just over 10% in the previous three months.

The illicit trade includes counterfeit and genuine cigarettes smuggled into the UK without paying tax and ones manufactured and sold in the country without telling the taxman.

Counterfeits of UK cigarette brands are manufactured mainly in the Far East, with China one of the primary sources.

Smoking Habit in the US

Tuesday, March 6th, 2019

For many who are trying to take good care of their health, a study released late last week reaffirming that diesel exhaust can cause lung cancer, may be a major blow to their efforts to lead a healthy lifestyle. That’s because the study found an up to seven fold elevated risk of lung cancer – a disease typically associated with smokers – among miners who don’t smoke.The findings also relate to ordinary people who live in areas with high levels of diesel particulate matter (PM).

Millions of people in the US have the equivalent of a smoking habit, whether they want to or not, because they live close to busy freeways or in other areas with extremely high diesel PM levels.

Scores of studies have shown that diesel exhaust, a sooty mix of toxic air pollutants, smog forming gases and tiny particulates, is dangerous. It was recognized by the State of California as a carcinogen over a decade ago, and fortunately many laws and programs are in place to reduce diesel pollution.

However, even in California where there is a whole suite of diesel clean-up measures from low sulfur diesel fuel to retrofits and early retirements for trucks and equipment, thousands of people continue to die from exposure to diesel PM each year while these measures phase in over the next few decades.

Diesel engines are sturdy, lasting decades with older models polluting a hundred-fold more particulate pollution than modern replacements.

The study by the National Cancer Institute and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) evaluates diesel exposures and lung cancer risks among more than 12,000 miners and provides a rigorous analysis, adding weight to the already large vault of evidence that exposure to diesel PM can cause cancer.

No wonder a lobby group representing mining interests worked so hard to delay and obstruct the findings of the study since 1996. The study finds that among heavily exposed miners who typically work underground, the risk of dying from lung cancer was roughly three times greater than for other miners working on the surface. That risk jumps to a seven fold increase of lung cancer for miners who do not smoke.

The findings are consistent with previous large studies of truck drivers and rail workers that have found nearly a doubling of lung cancer risk among long-term workers in these relatively high diesel exposure occupations.

People Ignore Smoke Ban, Internet Smoking

Tuesday, March 6th, 2019

The city is seeking more effective ways to prevent smoking in Internet bars and other entertainment venues, which are the least likely to comply with the ban on cheap Marlboro cigarette smoking in public places. A report released by the health promotion committee under the Shanghai municipal health bureau at a news conference on March 1 showed that last year 66 establishments and five individuals were fined more than 157,000 yuan ($25,000) for violating the city’s anti-smoking law.

Under the anti-smoking law, which took effect on March 1, 2017, public venues, including hospitals, schools, bars and restaurants, are required to establish designated non-smoking areas and put up signs prohibiting smoking.

People who ignore smoking bans are first warned by supervisors, and if they refuse to stop smoking, are fined 50 to 200 yuan. The report said Internet bars were the worst places for complying with the law, followed by entertainment venues and restaurants.

Li Zhongyang, deputy director of the municipal health promotion committee and deputy inspector of the municipal health bureau, said several reasons are to blame.

“Employees there lack systematic education and training. They know less about the harm of smoking and passive smoking,” she said.

“Some Internet bar operators choose to turn a blind eye to the smoking because they worry they would hurt their business if they prevented smoking,” she added.

Li said the next step is to adjust measures and make supervision plans according to different characteristics of public places.
Aside from Internet bars, cultural and entertainment venues are also lax in complying with the smoking ban.

In 2018, 36 of the 66 places fined for violating the rules were cultural and entertainment venues. They were fined a total of 98,000 yuan. In addition, the operators of some restaurants relaxed the rules to draw business.

“If diners are sensitive to smoke, we will provide a place for them where there are fewer other diners who can disturb them. But there is no no-smoking section,” said Xu Zhenghua, the manager of Hunan Cuisine Restaurant, in Yangpu district.

“Smoking is inevitable,” said the operator of Le Taotao restaurant, on East Tiyu Road, in Hongkou district. “We just close an eye to some diners smoking.” Opposite the man was a no-smoking sign.
Earlier last week, the Shanghai municipal health promotion committee teamed up with other government agencies to launch a week-long supervision initiative on compliance with the smoking ban in public places.

“The first day’s inspection showed that restaurants have established non-smoking areas, and fewer people were smoking there compared with the period during the first month after the public smoking ban took effect,” Gu Xiping, the committee’s press officer, told China Daily.
But she quickly added that things were not good in Internet bars.